Introduction
Epidemiology refers to a general trend or characteristic nature across a certain range of population. Epidemiology infectious disease on the other hand, refers to those diseases that spread through infection among populations, owing to a variety of reasons. Epidemiology infectious disease is widely varied in its nature and form, with the one thing in common being that they result from infection either among a broad range of population or occurs in a prevalent trend across it.
History
Epidemiology infectious disease refers to the trend of infectious diseases across a certain population. As a result, a lot of study has gone into their nature, with global trends, statistics and prevalence being carefully recorded by various health institutes. This helps not only in controlling their spread, but also in finding out their causes, and knowing why some areas are more affected than others. This could mean assessing population trends based on gender, geographical location, genetic factors, basic diets and a number of other factors. Some popular diseases include those such as AIDS, syphilis, respiratory infections, measles, malaria, tuberculosis, diarrhea, hepatitis B etc. Generally, a disease is considered infectious when it transmits from one organism to another in a contained area, to a certain degree. When the amount of infection within a given period exceeds a certain pre-prescribed amount, or when the disease spreads over a very wide range of populations, the infectious disease can be considered an epidemic.
Epidemiology infectious disease can occur from a variety of reasons. This is, of course, not only because of their highly varied natural in general, but also because its study occurs across a very large set of data members. Pinpointing their exact cause is, therefore, difficult sometimes but there are some general factors that are known to contribute towards their spread and existence. Infectious disease is generally caused by any microbe andndash. an organism that exists on a cellular level and is capable of reproducing and spreading.
These organisms require the basic conditions that any natural organism would require to grow. It needs moisture and heat. It gets this moisture and heat from human bodies, and therefore, once the organism finds its way into a human body, it multiplies and gets ready to further spread. As a result, the disease spreads from one person to another, resulting in an infectious disease. These microbes spread in many different ways, and their method of spreading also determines the nature of the disease they cause. They can be ingested (thereby resulting in diseases such as diarrhea), inhaled (thereby resulting in respiratory diseases) or else transmitted directly from organism to organism, such as mosquitoes transmitting malaria, or Hepatitis B and AIDS spreading from direct contact between body fluids from two different organisms.
Conclusion
Epidemiology infectious disease generally occurs in third world countries, or in generally under-developed countries. This is likely to be because of the unavailability of vaccines against them, or else because poor sanitary and health conditions in general contribute to and facilitate the spread of these diseases. Epidemic infections are the leading cause of deaths in many underdeveloped countries, taking the lives of hundreds of thousands of people each year, children included.
