Introduction
Neurologic diseases are named after their abnormal association with abnormal body’s nervous system. A range of symptoms occurs due to structural, biochemical or electrical abnormalities in the neurologic structure such as brain, spinal cord or other nerves. In symptoms the most commonly seen include paralysis, muscle weakness, poor muscular coordination, sensation loss, fits, altered state of mind, pain and unconsciousness. There are many asneurologic diseases, some relatively common while other are rare. They can be assessed clinically by neurological examination, and treated by neurology and clinical neuropsychology specialized in neurologic diseases.
History
Tough membranes surround the brain and spinal cord, and they are then enclosed in skull and spinal bones, and also chemically by the well-known blood-brain barrier, still they are very susceptible to neurologic diseases if compromised. Nerves are found deep under the skin and other soft tissues but they may be exposed, damaged and diseased. Individually the neurons and their networks are susceptible to variable kinds of electrochemical and structural insults. In peripheral nervous system neuronal regeneration may occur after various neurologic diseases and thus overcome injuries to some extent; but in the brain and spinal cord this property is rare to absent.
Features
Major and frequently observed neurologic diseases are Alzheimer's disease, some with symptoms such as back pain, and signs like aphasia (when one cannot speak) and syndromes. Interventions for treating or more specifically managing neurologic diseases are the adaptation of preventative measures, changes in lifestyle, any kind of social therapy, group therapy or physiotherapy. Specific kind of neuron rehabilitation, management of pain, alternative medication, or treating operations are performed by neurosurgeons in respective of the kind of neurologic diseases. The World Health Organization provides the data that neurological disorders and their direct consequences affect around one billion people worldwide, and are unidentified due to health inequalities and discrimination as major factors. Neurologic diseases are contributing to the associated disability and suffering. Neurologic diseases can be divided accordingly into the primary type of dysfunction where the primary focus is involved, or the secondary type according to the cause.
An examination on neurological system may help to assess the impact of neurological damage and disease on brain function in terms of behaviour, memory and higher mental state due to on-going neurologic diseases.
Behavioural neurology and clinical neuropsychology uses neuropsychological assessment to precisely identify and track problems and detect the reason for neurologic diseases. Sometimes, a condition might first be detected through problems in mental functioning, and then the further assessment may indicate any underlying neurologic diseases. There are sometimes difficulties to distinct between disorders that are to be treated under neurology, or mental disorders to be treated with the medical psychiatry care, or via any other mental health professions such as clinical psychology.
Tips and comments
In short, neurologic diseases are disorders of the brain, spinal cord and nerve which are present throughout our body. Together they coordinate in the workings of the body. When something goes wrong with a part of your nervous system you get neurologic diseases, you may find trouble moving, in speaking, while breathing and swallowing, or learning or doing anything. You can also have problems with your memory, senses or mood hence the physical plus social life you own, may get disturbed.
