Introduction
The spleen is a very essential organ of the vertebrate animals and in case of humans it is found in the upper quadrant of the abdominal region of the body. The most important function of the spleen is regenerative in nature and is a very organ concerning RBC (Red Blood Cells or Erythrocytes) cells and the immune system of the body. Like other organs, the spleen too can face numerous diseases, which we generally term as spleen diseases or splenic diseases. Spleen diseases are of numerous types, and you must know few facts in order to stay away from it. These spleen diseases are even curable in most cases and hence, treatment methodologies are also essential for you to know.
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1. Splenomegaly: This is a popular form of spleen diseases, wherein the person who is affected shows enlargement in the spleen region. Various other medical conditions like Sickle Cell Anemia, Sarcoidosis, Malaria, Pernicious Anemia, Leukemia, etc. can give rise to Splenomegaly. It can even be caused due to viruses in case of small children aged in between 3 – 4 years.
2. Asplenia: Complete or even partial absences of splenic functions in some cases have been described as Asplenia. Though, this is not as common as other spleen diseases, but cases have been seen where individuals due to congenital issues, sickle cell anemia, or even splenectomy (removal of the spleen due to other issues like thrombocytopenic purpura) face this disease.
3. Ruptured spleen in accidental cases: Though, it is not a popular of the other spleen diseases, but is a medical condition of the spleen, wherein the individual faces a medical condition due to the rapture of the existent spleen. It can occur in case of traumatic accidents, and shows symptoms like Tachycardia, Hypotension, Abdominal pain, and even intense pain in the left shoulder.
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4. Polysplenia: This is another not so popular of the spleen diseases, but medical science reports it to be a congenital disease, wherein the individual has multiple small spleens growing as accessory to the main one. Various conditions like heterotaxy syndrome, intestinal malrotation, Biliary Artesia etc... Together most of these splenic accessory organs are called as Polysplenia syndrome.
5. Tissue death due to the lack of oxygen often causes infraction to the organ. The same situation might arise in case of the spleen, otherwise termed as splenic infraction. Splenic infraction can be both partial as well as complete, and is one of the most important spleen diseases seen in case of humans. Occlusion of the splenic artery or any of the branches of this artery due to a blood clot can be one of the reasons for splenic infractions. It can cause other situations like splenic hemorrhage, splenic rapture, etc…
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6. Hyaloserositis is another medical condition of the spleen wherein the spleen’s serous membrane faces inflammation resulting in coating of the spleen with fibrous hyaline. This is a benign medical condition and is often not treated. But, it is better to consult a doctor and go through the required tests in order to prove and make sure that it’s benign.
