About Diseases Eyes

Introduction

The human eye is one of the most complicated organs of our body. Like all our parts, it is also susceptible to injury, harm and disease if not taken care of properly. It’s also one of the most sensitive, complicated and fascinating organs of the  human body. A human eye can distinguish between 10 million colors. Eyes are very sensitive in nature, and prone to irritation. Even a small dust particle can cause continuous irritation and watering in the eye. This is a safety mechanism to wash the foreign particle off. People often have the habit of rubbing their eyes rigorously during irritation, this only worsens the problem and may even end up damaging the eye. A visit to an ophthalmologist at least once a year is very important to prevent infections and diseases eyes are prone to.

History

Reading in poor light, watching television, and using computers for extended hours can strain our eyes unnecessarily. Excess strain on the eyes can increase the risk of unwanted disorders and diseases. Most people take their eyes for granted and don’t take proper care of their eyes. Pollution, dust, and air-borne germs all can cause diseases eyes are susceptible to. During a check up, the Ophthalmologist can evaluate for disorders and diseases eyes commonly get affected by. He also checks for common refractive defects like myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and presbyopia. These defects are treated either by surgery or other means. Certain people don’t visit the doctor for their eye problems and often resort to self medication. Self medication can be very dangerous and in worse cases even cause visual impairment, so it is very important to use only medicines prescribed by a certified ophthalmologist. Also, we must be cautious of certain symptoms like diminished vision, double vision, frequent changes in eyeglass prescription, poor vision in bright light, and improved vision in dim light, decrease in sensitivity to color, as these can be signs of serious diseases eyes may have.

Features

World Health Organization (WHO) has classified more than fifty known eye diseases, and this has been published in the WHO journal. However, the most common diseases eyes one can have are cataract, glaucoma, retinal detachment, uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye and strabismus. These account for more than 80% of reported eye problems. People with diabetes are at highest risk for developing diseases of eyes like cataract, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. This is due to the fact that diabetic patients have high levels of sugar in their blood that this hampers the normal functioning of the eyes.

Of all the diseases, glaucoma is considered the most dangerous of all diseases eyes can get. Glaucoma is called the silent thief of sight as most patients are not even aware that this disease is slowly destroying their vision. Increased ocular pressure which damages the optic nerve is the root cause of glaucoma. If left untreated, the damage can be permanent and irreversible. Cataracts are another eye disease that slowly steals the vision of the affected patient. This condition usually affects the elderly. As people age, the chemical changes in their lens make their eyes less transparent.

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